《百师思享汇》是分校推出的原创栏目之一,每期将推出启德考培资深教师的原创文章,内容涵盖最新考情分析、学术调研、教学心得体会等,引导学员运用科学有效的备考方法,帮助学员在考试中取得高分!
如果要问各位烤鸭们雅思听说读写最难提高的一科,或者说发挥最容易不稳定的一科是什么,相信很多烤鸭都会说是口语!
阅读是中国学生的传统强项科目,听力虽然部分同学会弱一些,但是听力和阅读是输入型科目,考试也都是客观题,所以相对而言比较好提高,技巧性也强一些。
然而另外两个输出型科目--写作和口语就是大家比较头疼的科目。
人家写作虽然不容易,但是起码可以提笔前好好构思一下,一些单词会写不会读的,也是可以“蒙混”过关的,然而!我们的口语,是一个听说读三位一体的科目!
(“读”体现在part2 Cue Card)如果一时半会语塞,还要面对考官热情(leng mo)的眼神注视……
咱们碰到考官“哑口无言”,原因有如下几个:
1. 听不懂或者没能理解考官的问题
2. 知道自己要说什么,但是不知如何遣词造句,词汇积累不够,语法混乱
3. 对考官的提问只能说出简单的Yes/No, 不知还可以说些什么
我现在就从从第三点入手,也就是大家很痛苦的,不知如何拓展话题的角度入手,解决你们的痛点!
这里就要隆重介绍一下Lydia老师的RED原则啦!首先 “ RED” 是如下三个单词的首字母缩写:
R-Reason 原因
E-Example 例子
D-Details 细节
是不是非常好记呢?准确来说,一个问题的充分的回答一般是由Viewpoint观点 + 3大拓展话题要素: Reason 原因、Example 例子、Details 细节组成的。
下面我们具体结合part1和part3的实例来讲讲怎么用这个RED原则:
part1:viewpoint + 1-2个因素
由于part1的回答不宜过长,建议大约2-3句,不超过4句话为好。不过这个也只是一个参考,因为每位同学的句子长短都是不一的。
所以就建议在考官提问后,先简单回答(viewpoint)后,解释原因(Reason), 或者举一个例子example, 或者是对观点的进行一些细节的(details)补充。如果句子都比较精简的话可以用上2个因素。
下面举例子说明:
01
一般疑问句
Question: Do you like to play sports? (part1 经典问题)
对于这个问题,你会怎么答呢?为了给考官一个你活泼可爱又喜欢运动的形象,你一定是马上吐出一个“Yes!” 然后接下来呢?你看着考官,考官看着你……
即使你不说,人家也会疯狂追着问你:Why? What’s your favourite sports?
所以逃不掉一定得拓展自己的回答的!
所以呢,表明完自己爱运动后,大家可以说些什么呢?你是不是可以试着说说自己为什么喜欢运动?运动给带来了什么好处?或者你一般都做些什么运动呢?然后又是一般运动多久呢,在哪里运动呢,跟谁?
依照这个思路,这里给大家几个参考的回答:
Question: Do you like to play sports?
Answer1:
Yes, certainly (VIEWPOINT). Playing sports is a good way to burn calories, build up strength and more importantly, to keep healthy/fit (REASON).
Answer2:
Yes, certainly (VIEWPOINT). I do many different kinds of sports, such as basketball, football and swimming (EXAMPLE).
Answer3:
Yes, certainly (VIEWPOINT). I usually play badminton (EXAMPLE) with my friends once a week (DETAILS), and I think it is a good way to keep fit and socialize (REASON).
有的同学暗戳戳地想着,要是我说 “No”, 说我不喜欢运动,是不是就堵住了考官,他接下来没法问了,万事大吉一了百了了吗!
不!(太天真了)
考官依然有办法继续追问你why的喔!:下面给不爱运动的烤鸭两个参考回答:
Answer 4:
Well, no, I am not a big fan of sports (VIEWPOINT). Actually, I am not very sporty and I feel extremely tired and uncomfortable after exercising (REASON).
当然也可以不那么消极啦:
Answer 5:
Well, actually, I am not very sporty (VIEWPOINT), but I do go swimming at least twice a week (EXAMPLE/DETAILS). I like to keep in shape (REASON).
上过我们启德班课的同学们是不是觉得Answer 5有点耳熟呢?没错了,这段话取自我们中级段班课听力第一节课的内容喔。看来听力和口语是非常不可分割的!
02
特殊疑问句
Question: Do you prefer tea or coffee?
(2019年5-8月季度 新话题)
茶和咖啡我都爱呢!这里Lydia老师替爱喝茶的宝宝写了参考回答,爱咖啡的同学也可以仿照这个思路,自己准备自己的回答哦。
Answer 1:
I love/prefer tea (VIEWPOINT). Basically, I am into various kinds of tea, such as black tea, green tea and Oolong (EXAMPLE). I can’t imagine a day without tea!
Answer 2:
I love/prefer tea (VIEWPOINT). China has a long history and tradition of drinking tea (REASON) so I am used to having a cup of Oolong tea after a heavy meal every day (DETAILS/EXAMPLE).
part3:viewpoint+ 2-3个因素
Part3 的提问一般跟part2相关,而且问得更广泛,可能有些问题跟part1相似,但是会从你个人身上拓展到整个社会现象。
一般part3的回答思路会跟Part1相似,但是一般要拓展更多,所以建议多分析原因,辅助例子和细节描述,也就是观点之后,用上2-3个因素来拓展。
01
一般疑问句
Question: Do you think physical shops will disappear in the future?
在网上 “买买买”已经是我们的日常了,所以有不少人会担心实体店以后会不复存在。 因为网上购物优点实在太多了。
Answer 1:
Yes, I do think so (VIEWPOINT). Since online shopping offers people greater convenience, cheaper price and possibly better products, I would say customers will no longer visit physical shop (REASON). Actually, there has already been a downward trend of physical shops closing down all over the world in recent years (DETAILS/ EXAMPLE).
但是有的人认为,实体店还是有它的意义的,或者说有一部分实体店是很难被网店取代的。
Answer 2:
Well, I may say no (VIEWPOINT). Because I think physical shops would function in their own ways (REASON). For example, even though it is very convenient to shop online, people can not try their clothes or shoes on (EXAMPLE 1).
Besides, some shops can not be replaced by the online ones, like barber’s shop or cafes where people will go there for their services and enjoy the atmosphere (EXAMPLE 2).
02
特殊疑问句
Question: Why do people tell lies?
原来雅思考官竟然会问这么直击人心的问题呀!
是不是听到这个话题,突然就当场愣住,停下来思考人性了?哈哈其实不用想得那么深奥,越“接地气”的思路越可以帮你在考场紧张的情况下想出回答。
一般来说,撒谎很多时候是为了掩饰,可能是掩饰自己的过错,也可能是隐藏自己不那么完美的一面。这个时候,就需要给考官举一些小“栗子”,你的论述会更有理有据呢。
Answer 1:
Well, I think different people tell lies for various reasons (VIEWPOINT).
For one thing, they may try to cover their mistakes (SUPPORTING IDEA 1). For example, if a husband lied to his wife because he cheated on her, or a student told the teacher that his or her dog ate his homework rather than studying (EXAMPLE 1).
For another, some people lie just because they try to boast for vanity reasons (SUPPORTING IDEA 2) . For instance, on social media, some people build a fake but attractive profile in order to attract attention (EXAMPLE 2).
Answer 2:
Personally, I would say a lot of people want to boast about themselves or gain benefits from telling lies (VIEWPOINT). For example, on social media, some people build a fake but attractive profile in order to attract attention or gain profits (EXAMPLE 1). Speaking of getting benefits, merchants tend to exaggerate the function of their product to get more customers (EXAMPLE 2).
part2:尽量用全3个因素
Part2 我们一般是按照提示的小问题来整理自己的思路的,所以Part2我们不会太专门去注意用“RED原则”,但是实际上这些小问题也是对应了我们的拓展话题三要素的。我们来抽取一个cue card分析一下:
Describe an old person who is interesting. You should say:
who the person is;
how you knew this person;
what you do with this person and explain why you think this person is interesting.
其实小问题里的:
1) “Who the person is ”:可以说是对应了“RED原则”里的Details, 大家可以在这里说一下这位老人跟你是什么关系,他今年多少岁了,可以来个简单的外貌描写,或者说一下他是做什么工作的。
2) “how you knew this person”: 这个问题比较灵活,可以是归到上一个小问题里(假设这位老人是你的亲人),也可以归到下一个小问题,也就是你和这位老人可能是因为什么事情认识的,也可以是一起共事过。所以这里既可以是Details, 也可以当作是Example.
3) “what you do with this person”: 可以说是对应了“RED原则”里的Example, 你可以举例说明跟这位老人一起做过什么事情。
4) “why you think this person is interesting”: 既然是问Why, 那就是对应Reason了。
最后,我们小结一下, “RED原则”是适用于雅思口语回答的所有部分的,但是应用得比较好的应该是Part 1 & 3。
关于口语的应对方法,同学们都get到了吗?如果大家想了解更多关于口语的拓展话题,可以留意我们学校的Lydia老师的课堂哦~
老师介绍
主授:雅思听力/口语、AEAS听力/口语、海外生存英语、高校面试口语、综合英语
广东财经大学学士、英国利物浦大学硕士
多年英语及雅思教学经验
培养提分学员,雅思听力从5.5-7,雅思口语从4.5-6国外高校面试成功率95%
同学们如果想知道更多关于学校老师,对雅思/托福的考试分析和学术分享,在线咨询客服更多资料